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Neuromodulation
By Elliot S. Krames, P. Hunter Peckham and Ali R. Rezai
Copyright 2009
Key Features
Key Features
The first comprehensive reference on the emerging field of Neuromodulation
Editors and authors include all leading figures in the field, and the leaders of the International Neuromodulation Society
Over 90 chapters on topics ranging from a layout of the fundamentals (e.g. neuroanatomy, plasticity, bioelectrical effects, infusion therapies), solutions for the biomedical engineering challenges (e.g. materials, how to preserve normal function etc.), to a rundown of the existing applications and their future promise
Over 1200 pages in splendid full color, richly illustrated
Important areas of application include:
control of chronic pain
delivery of drugs to the nervous system via implanted devices
control of epilepsy, Parkinson, etc.
functional restoration, e.g. visual, auditory, restoration after stroke, restoration of motor function after traumatic events
stimulation of body organs via neural devices (incl. the heart, abdominal organs, genitourinary organs)
overview over newly emerging fields - control of obesity, blood pressure, tinnitus, brain injury, neurodegenerative diseases, brain-machine interfaces
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Neuromodulation
Description
Neuromodulation will be the first comprehensive and in-depth reference textbook covering all aspects of the rapidly growing field of neuromodulation. This book provides a complete discussion of the fundamental principles of neuromodulation and therapies applied to the brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, autonomic nerves and various organs.
The textbook is highly structured and organized into overarching sections that cover chronic pain, movement disorders, psychiatric disorders, epilepsy, functional electrical stimulation, cardiac, gastrointestinal, genitourinary and organ neuromodulation. The fundamental principles of electricity and infusion, neural tissue interface, biomedical engineering, neuromodulation devices, basic science, neuroanatomy, neurophysiology, imaging and mechanisms are emphasized. In addition to providing details pertaining to the state-of-the-art current practice, innovative and emerging applications are discussed in specific chapters. Finally, the textbook provides specific chapters focusing on the technical aspects of the various neuromodulation procedures as well as technical specifications of various implantable devices.
All of the contributors to Neuromodulation represent leading experts in the field. The editors are internationally renowned in their respective fields of neuromodulation, pain management, functional neurosurgery and biomedical engineering. Neuromodulation will be the first and foremost authoritative text on neuromodulation therapies and will establish the gold standard that defines the field for years to come.
Readership
Basic scientists and academic clinicians in neuroscience, particularly neurophysiology, behavioral neuroscience, sensory neuroscience (including audiology, ophthalmology, and particularly pain), neuroanatomy, neurosurgery, neurological diseases, as well as physiologists in Cardiology, Gastroenterology, Urology.
Biomedical engineers
Clinical specialists: anesthesiology, neurosurgery, neurology, neurophysiology, cardiology, gastroenterology, urology and orthopedics
Quotes
"Neuromodulation will be the go-to-it reference work for this rapidly expanding and fascinating field. The editors have assembled an all-star group of contributors who comprehensively cover all aspects of neuromodulation in the treatment of human disease and dysfunction." - John D. Loeser, M.D., Departments of Neurological Surgery and Anesthesiology, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
"The greater than 40 year history of scientific inquiry into the interface between neural tissue and therapeutic electrical fields or targeted drug infusion has resulted in a body of rapidly growing evidence for positive effects when these technologies are applied to selected patients who suffer from chronic neurological diseases. The editors of Neuromodulation have organized a definitive knowledge resource for this growing and complex field by assembling many of the world leaders in basic neuroscience, electrical engineering and drug infusion technologies, and clinical investigation. Any new paradigm in medicine, such as neuromodulation, deserves such an outstanding text to help the clinician and researcher to navigate through novel concepts, clinical outcomes and promising new applications." -Richard E. Kuntz, M.D., M.Sc., Sr. Vice President and President, Medtronic Neuromodulation, Minneapolis, USA
"As it has become possible to directly interact with neural tissue, neuromodulation as a new and very promising field of therapeutic approaches has emerged on a very steep path of development. Since the first applications to the treatment of pain with electrical stimulation numerous newly developed methods, including direct electrical stimulation and drug infusion, targeting neural tissue from the cortex to the basal ganglia, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves have made it possible to develop new very powerful therapeutic approaches to serious clinical conditions. Every new branch soon produces its own ramifications and the neuromodulation looks like a very fast-growing tree. This timely publication provides a global and comprehensive review of the current state of the art technology from new and exciting perspectives. This book will be a milestone in the development of neuromodulation." - Alim Louis Benabid, Member Institut Universitaire de France, French Academy of Sciences, French Academy of Medicine, Royal Academy of Medicine of Belgium, Professor Emeritus of Biophysics at the Joseph Fourier University in Grenoble, Scientific Advisor at French Atomic Energy Commission, Grenoble, France
"Neuromodulation therapy has advanced dramatically in recent years and promises to grow into a multi-indication modality that will help millions who suffer from chronic pain and other – neurological diseases.…As, the awareness, acceptance, and use of Neuromodulation technologies grow, the thoughtful publication and updating of reference books like Neuromodulation will play a vital role in the sharing of knowledge and best practices, enabling the modality to reach its full clinical potential.…This book draws from the giants of Neuromodulation who have contributed greatly to the field’s expansion. It broadly captures the wisdom of many talented and caring people and shares it with the world. We will use this book and its future updates as a core resource to further strengthen our educational programs. I thank the editors and authors for their vision and ambitious efforts in making this important book a reality." - Christopher G. Chavez, President, Neuromodulation Division, St. Jude Medical, St. Paul, USA
"Scientific progress is accelerated when ground breaking developments are put into context for the next generation to explore. The editors of Neuromodulation have assembled a foundation of evidence that will spur the curious minds of scientists, clinicians, researchers and industry. This document will lead to new discoveries that reinforce the spirit of innovation and challenge our current beliefs. Congratulations to the authors and editors on assembling a reference for the ages." - Michael Onuscheck, Senior Vice President and President of Neuromodulation, Boston Scientific Corporation, Boston, USA
Contents
Prolog (Joseph Pancrazio)
SECTION I AN INTRODUCTION TO NEUROMODULATION
Introduction
Elliot S. Krames
1 What Is Neuromodulation?
Elliot S. Krames, Ali R. Rezai, P. Hunter Peckham, and Farag Aboelsaad
2 Neuromodulation: A Historical Perspective
Philip L. Gildenberg
3 Neuromodulation Technologies: Whom Do We Serve?
Allen R. Dyer and Mary Pat Aardrup
4 Challenges in Moving Toward Product Development
Paul Meadows
5 The Birth of an Industry
James Cavuoto
6 Beginnings of the Societies
Ross Davis, Philip L. Gildenberg, Giancarlo Barolat, Elliot Krames, Dejan Popovic, and Paul Meadows
7 Clinical Study Design
Daniel B. Carr and Anthony Eidelman
8 Psychological Issues and Evaluation for Patients Undergoing Implantable Technology
Daniel M. Doleys
9 Deep Brain Stimulation: Ethical Issues in Clinical Practice and Neurosurgical Research
Joseph J. Fins
SECTION II FUNDAMENTALS OF NEUROMODULATION
Introduction
Narendra Bhadra, J. Thomas Mortimer, and Hunter Peckham
10 Anatomy of the Nervous System
Joshua M. Rosenow
11 Fundamentals of Electrical Stimulation
J. Thomas Mortimer and Narendra Bhadra
12 Neuromodulation and Neuronal Plasticity
Alon Y. Mogilner
13 Gene-Based Neuromodulation
Thais Federici, Jonathan Riley, and Nicholas Boulis
SECTION IIA MECHANISMS
Introduction
14 Principals of Electric Field Generation for Stimulation of the Central Nervous System
Warren M. Grill
15 Mechanisms of Action of Deep Brain Stimulation: A Review
Kendall Lee, Charles Blaha, and Jonathan M. Bledsoe
16 Computational Modeling of Deep Brain Stimulation
Cameron C. McIntyre
SECTION III BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING CONSIDERATIONS
Introduction
Joseph Pancrazio and Hunter Peckham
17 Electrodes for the Neural Interface
Dustin J. Tyler and Katharine H. Polasek
18 Implantable Neural Stimulators
P. Hunter Peckham and D. Michael Ackermann, Jr
19 Designing a Neural Interface System to Restore Mobility
John P. Donoghue and Leigh Hochberg
20 MRI Safety and Neuromodulation Systems
Frank G. Shellock
SECTION IV NEUROMODULATION FOR PAIN
Introduction
Elliot S. Krames and Andre Machado
21 Physiology and Pathophysiology of Chronic Pain
Joshua M. Rosenow
22 The Endogenous Neuromodulation System
Allan I. Basbaum, Joao Braz, Michael H. Ossipov and Frank Porreca
23 Management Strategies for Chronic Pain
Rollin M. Gallagher
Section IVA Intrathecal Therapies
Introduction
24 Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS): A Review
Kathleen Sluka, Howard S. Smith and Deirdre M. Walsh
25 Mechanisms of Spinal Cord Stimulation in Neuropathic and Ischemic Pain Syndromes
Bengt Linderoth, Robert D. Foreman, Björn A. Meyerson
26 The Cost-Effectiveness of Spinal Cord Stimulation
Richard B. North, Jane Shipley and Rod S. Taylor
27 SCS for Painful Neuropathies
Giancarlo Barolat
28 Neurostimulation in the Treatment of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome
Joshua P. Prager
29 Peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) for Pain Peripheral Neuralgia and CRPS
Michael Stanton-Hicks
30 Occipital Neurostimulation (ONS) for Treatment of Intractable Headache Syndromes
Richard L. Weiner and Kenneth M. Alo`
31 Subcutaneous Targeted Stimulation
Teodor Goroszeniuk and Sandesha Kothari
Section IVB Neuromodulation for Pain
Introduction
32 Relevant Anatomy for Spinal Delivery
Timothy R Deer, Matthew Ranson and Douglas Stewart
33 The Rational Use of Intrathecal Opioid Analgesics
Elliot S. Krames and Mouchir Harb
34 Intrathecal Analgesics, Choice of System
Marshall D. Bedder
35 Intrathecal Non-Opioid Analgesics for the Control of Pain
Enrique Reig, David Abejón, and Elliot S. Krames
36 Compounding Intrathecal Drugs
Richard L. Rauck
37 Intracerebroventricular Opioid Administration for Chronic Pain
Katherine E. Groothuis and Robert M. Levy
Section IVC Intracranial Procedures for Chronic Pain
Introduction
38 Deep Brain Stimulation for Pain
Erlick A.C. Pereira, Sarah L.F. Owen, Alexander L. Green and Tipu Z. Aziz
39 Deep-Brain Stimulation of the Posterior Hypothalamus in Chronic Cluster Headache
A. Franzini, G. Messina, M. Leone, G. Bussone, C. Marras, G. Tringali and G. Broggi
40 Motor Cortex Stimulation for the Treatment of Neuropathic Pain
J.P. Nguyen, J.P. Lefaucheur, S. Raoul, V. Roualdes, Y. Péréon, and Y. Keravel
SECTION V - Movement Disorders
41 Movement Disorders: Anatomy and Physiology Relevant to Deep Brain Stimulation
Brian Harris Kopell, Gregory F. Molnar and Bradley Hiner
42 Deep Brain Stimulation in Parkinson’s Disease
Karl Sillay and Philip Starr
43 Deep Brain Stimulation for Tremor
Adam P. Burdick, Michael S. Okun and Kelly D. Foote
44 Infusion Therapy for Movement Disorders
Joseph C. Hsieh and Richard D. Penn
45 Deep Brain Stimulation for Torsion Dystonia
Ron L. Alterman and Michele Tagliati
46 Deep Brain Stimulation in Tourette Syndrome
Veerle Visser-Vandewalle, Yasin Temel and Linda Ackermans
47 Surgical Management of Hemifacial Spasm and Meige Syndrome
Hyun Ho Jung and Jin Woo Chang
48 Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) of the Medial Thalamus for Movement Disorders: The role of the Centromedianum - Parafascicular complex
Paolo Mazzone, E Scarnati and G Della Marca
SECTION VI NEUROSTIMULATION FOR EPILEPSY
Introduction
Ash Sharan and Ali Rezai
49 Epilepsy: Anatomy, Physiology, Pathophysiology and Disorders
David King-Stephens
50 Vagus Nerve Stimulation
Arun Paul Amar, Michael L. Levy, Charles Y. Liu and Michael L.J. Apuzzo
51 Deep Brain Stimulation for Epilepsy
Casey H. Halpern, Uzma Samadani, Brian Litt, Jurg L. Jaggi and Gordon H. Baltuch
52 Cerebellar Stimulation for Epilepsy
Steven Falowksi, Ashwini D. Sharan, Amanda Celii and Ross Davis
53 Closed Loop Stimulation in the Control of Focal Epilepsy
J. Smith, K. Fountas, M. Murro, Y. Park, P. Jenkins, D. Greene and R. Esteller
SECTION VII Neuromodulation in Psychiatry
Introduction
Benjamin D. Greenberg
54 Electroconvulsive Therapy, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, and Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Depression
Linda L Carpenter,, Margaret C. Wyche, Gerhard M. Friehs and John O’Reardon
55 Electrical brain stimulation in treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder: parcellation, and cyto- and chemoarchitecture of the bed nucleus of
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