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Spine Surgery, 2nd Edition - Techniques, Complication Avoidance, and Management
By Edward C. Benzel, MD, FACS
1600 pp., Copyright 2004
Description
This best-selling resource explores the full spectrum of surgical techniques used in spine surgery, and describes how to avoid and manage complex problems. It emphasizes how to achieve successful outcomes and minimize risks. The 2nd Edition delivers more than 25 brand-new chapters, as well as extensive revisions and updates throughout, to reflect all of the latest advances in the field. It also features contributions from an increased number of orthopaedic surgeons to round out the strong coverage provided by the many neurosurgeon contributors.
Reviews
Review of the First Edition: "Covers the breadth of spine surgery, from patient evaluation, pathology, and treatment decisions to surgical techniques, associated complications, and long-term care. Nonoperative care, biomechanics, and medical economics are also given thorough consideration…The chapters are well organized, easy to read, and well illustrated. The discussions are to the point and easily understood…This text will be of great value to the practicing spine surgeon, whether neurosurgically or orthopaedically trained. I strongly recommend it to all practitioners."—The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery
New to this Edition
Provides more than 25 brand-new chapters, as well as extensive revisions or total rewrites to the majority of existing chapters—to present all of the most up-to-date information available on every aspect of spine surgery. Includes chapters on hot topics such as Nonspinal Pathology Masquerading as Spinal Disease • Bone Void Fillers: Bone and Bone Substitutes • Data Management • Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion • Ankylosing Spondylitis and Related Disorders • Craniocervical Junction Deformities • Pediatric Spinal Deformities • Subsidence and Dynamic Spinal Stabilization • and The Nonoperative Management of Neck and Back Pain.
Table of Contents
1. History
2. The Modern Instrumentation Era. The Last 25 Years
3. Differential Diagnosis of Surgical Disorders of the Spine
4. Anatomy and Physiology of Congenital Spinal Lesions
5. Anatomy and Pathophysiology of Acquired Spinal Lesions
6. Neural Injury at the Molecular Level
7. Practical Anatomy and Fundamental Biomechanics
8. Physical and Neurological Examination
9. Nonspinal Pathology Masquerading as Spinal Disease
10. Pathophysiology of Cervical Myelopathy: Biomechanical Concepts
11. Biology of Spine
12. Spine Fusion: Anatomy and Biomechanics of Bone-Bone Interface
13. Bone Void Fillers: Bone and Bone Substitutes
14. Osteointegration
15. Materials and Material Properties
16. Biomechanical Testing
17. Fundamentals of the Spine Surgery
18. Preoperative and Surgical Planning for Avoiding Complications
19. Data Management
20. Education and Knowledge-Base Acquisition and Retention
21. Occiptocervical Region
22. The Cervical Spine and Cervicothoracic Junction
23. The Thoracic Spine & Thoracolumbar Junction
24. The Lumbar and Sacral Spine
DECOMPRESSION AND ARTHRODESIS OF THE CERVICAL SPINE
25. Upper Cervical and Craniocervical Decompression
26. Upper Cervical and Occipitocervical Arthodesis
27. Ventral and Ventrolateral Subaxial Decompression
28. Single and Multiple Single Interbody Fusion Techniques
29. Threaded Interbody Cage Fixation for Cervical Spondylosis and OPLL
30. Interbody Strut Techniques
31. Interbody Cages
32. Cervical Laminotomy, Laminectomy, Laminoplasty, and Foraminotomy
33. Interspinous, Laminar, and Facet Fusion
34. Combined Ventral/Dorsal Procedure
DECOMPRESSION AND ARTHRODESIS OF THE THORACIC AND LUMBAR SPINE
35. Ventral and Ventrolateral Spine Decompression and Fusion
36 Lateral Extracavitary Decompression
37. The Retropleural Approach to the Ventral Thoracic and Thoracolumbar Spine
38. Laminotomy, Laminectomy, Laminoplasty, and Foraminotomy
39. Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion
40. Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion
41. Lumbar Interbody Cages
42. Dorsal and Lateral Thoracic and Lumbar Fusion
TRAUMA SURGERY
43. Trauma Surgery: Occipitocervical Junction
44. Trauma Surgery: Cervical Spine
45. Trauma Surgery: Thoracic & Thoracic Lumbar Spine
46. Trauma Surgery: Lumbar and Lumbosacral Spine
DISCECTOMY
47. Cervical Discectomy
48. Thoracic Discectomy
49. Lumbar Discectomy
50. Percutaneous Approaches to Discectomy
51. The Black Disc
ARTHRITIDES AND RELATED DISORDERS
52. Cervical Spondylosis
53. Thoracic and Lumbar Spondylosis
54. Spondylolisthesis
55. Degenerative Rotatory Scoliosis: Coronal Plane Lumbar Spine Deformity Correction
56. Rheumatoid Arthritis
57. Ankylosing Spondylitis and Related Disorders
58. Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament
59. Scheuermann's Disease
DEFORMITY CORRECTION PRINCIPLES 60. Craniocervical Junction Deformities
61. Subaxial Cervical Deformities
62. Cervical Facet Dislocations: Surgical Strategies for Decompression, Reduction, and Stabilization
63. Kyphotic Cervical Deformity Correction
64. Thoracic and Lumbar Deformities
65. Pediatric Spinal Deformities
66. Deformity Surgery: Cervical
67. Deformity Surgery: Thoracic and Lumbar
68. Ankylosing Spondylitis: Deformity Correction Surgery
TUMORS, VASCULAR MALFORMATIONS, AND RELATED LESIONS 69. Intramedullary Spinal Cord Lesions
70. Intradural Extramedullary Spinal Lesions
71. Spinal Intradural Vascular Malformations
72. Spinal Dural Vascular Malformations
73. Cauda Equina Syndrome
74. Primary Bony Spinal Lesions
75. Primary Bony Spinal Lesions: Surgery for Cure
76. Metastatic Spinal Lesions
77. Metabolic Bone Disease
78. Foramen Magnum Lesions
79. Sacral Lesions
80. Tarlov Cysts
PEDIATRIC SPINAL SURGERY AND SURGERY FOR CONGENITAL ANOMALIES
81. Occult Spinal Dysraphism and the Tethered Spinal Cord
82. Myelomeningocele and Associated Anomalies
83. Anterior Sacral Meningocele and Related Lesions
84. Chiari Malformation and Syringomyelia
85. Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, Fibromyalgia, and the Chiari Malformation
ADJUNCTIVE MANAGEMENT DILEMMAS AND COMPLEX SURGICAL PROBLEMS
86. Evaluation of the Cervical Spine After Trauma
87. Revascularization and Scar Prevention: Omental Transposistion and Spine Surgery
88. Spinal Closure
89. Spinal Reoperations
90. Penetrating Spinal Cord Injuries
91. Vascularized Bone Grafts
92. Pain and Spasticity
93. Bone Graft Harvesting
94. Timing of Surgery
95. Minimally Invasive Spinal Decompression and Stabilization Techniques: The Thoracic Spine
96. Minimally Invasive Spinal Decompression and Stabilization Techniques: Lumbar Spine
97. Vertebroplasty and Kyphoplasty
98. The Obese Patient
99. Smoking, the Spine, and Spinal Fusion
100. The Geriatric Patient
101. Surgery of the Sympathetic Nervous System
102. The Value of Surgical Intervention in Spinal Trauma
103. Nonoperative Management of Trauma
104. Complications of Peripheral Nerve Surgery
SPINAL INSTRUMENTATION
105. Basic Anatomy for Engineers and Mechanics for Surgeons
106. Spinal Implant Attributes: Distraction, Compression, and Three-Point Bending
107. Spinal Implant Attributes: Cantilever Beam Fixation
108. Spinal Implant Attributes: Dynamic Spine Fixation
109. Biomechanics of Motion Segment Preservation Techniques
110. Upper Cervical Screw Fixation Techniques
111. High Cervical and Occipitocervical Plate, Rod, Wire, and Bone Techniques
112. Ventral Subaxial Cervical Fixation Techniques
113. Subsidence and Dynamic Spinal Stabilization
114. Ventral and Lateral Thoracic and Lumbar Fixation Techniques
115. Dorsal Subaxial Cervical Instrumentation Techniques
116. Dorsal Thoracic and Lumbar Screw Fixation and Pedicle Fixation Technique
117. Dorsal Thoracic and Lumbar Simple Hook-Rod, Wire and Wire-Rod Techniques
118. Dorsal Thoracic and Lumbar Universal Spinal Instrumentation Techniques
119. Dorsal Thoracic and Lumbar Combined and Complex Techniques
120. Complex Lumbosacropelvic Fixation Techniques
121. Iatrogenic Spine Destabilization
122. Cervical Spine Construct Design
123. Thoracic and Lumbar Spine Construct Design
124. Spine Deformity and Deformity Correction
124. Artificial Disc Prosthesis for the Cervical Spine
125. Artificial Disc Lumbar
ADJUNCTS TO SURGERY
127. Surgical Incisions, Positioning, and Retraction
128. Blood Loss
129. Imaging: Trauma
130. Imaging: Degenerative Disease and Infection
131. Preoperative Imaging for Thoracic and Lumbar Spine Surgery
132. Postoperative Imaging
133. Intraoperative Imaging
134. Stereotaxis and Radiosurgery
135. Intraoperative Evoked Potential Monitoring
136. Electronic Diagnostic Studies
137. Spine Surgery Monitoring
138. Intraoperative Nonparalytic Monitoring
NONSURGICAL MANAGEMENT
139. Anesthesia
140. Perioperative Management
141. Medical Management of the Adult Patient with Spinal Cord Injury
142. Nutritional Support
143. Skin and Wound Care
144. Non-Operative Medical Management of Adult and Pediatric Spinal Cord Injury
145. Spinal Traction
146. Orthoses
147. The Athlete with Spinal Injury
148. The Nonoperative Management of Neck and Back Pain
149. Intradiscal Electrothermy
SPECIFIC COMPLICATIONS: AVOIDANCE AND MANAGEMENT
150. Neurologic Complications
151. Vascular and Soft-tissue Complications
152. Postoperative Spinal Deformation
153. Arachnoiditis
154. Infectious Complications of Spine Surgery
155. Medical Complications
156. Cerebrospinal Fluid Fistula and Pseudomeningocele After Spine Surgery
157. Non-Union
CONTROVERSIES
158. Ventral Cervical Decompression and Fusion: To Plate or Not To Plate
159. Cervical Spondylosis with Minimal Myelopathy: To Decompress or Not To Decompress
160. Bilateral Locked Cervical Facets with Incomplete Myelopathy: Open Versus Closed Reduction
161. Cervical Spine Fusion: Allograft Versus Autograft
162. Thoracic and Thoracolumbar Spine Fractures with Ventral Mass Lesion: Ventral Versus Dorsal Operation
163 Reoperation for Failed Spinal Fusion: Augmentation of Fusion with Spinal Stimulation
164 Management of a Patient with Thoracolumbar Fracture with Complete Myelopathy and a 40 Kyphotic Deformity: Operative or Recumbent Management
165. Management of Symptomatic Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression
166: Management of Ossification of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament
167. Spondylotic Myelopathy with Cervical Kyphotic Deformity
168. Management of Cervical Disc Herniation
169. Ethical and Mediocolegal Aspects of Spinal Surgery
POSTSCRIPT
170. Economics and Practice Management
171. Outcome Assessment and Prediction
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